ABSTRACT
RESUMEN: Introducción: La rehabilitación cardíaca después de padecer un evento cardiovascular (CV) grave es un proceso en el cual el paciente establece una relación cercana con el equipo médico, brindando la oportunidad de conocer factores psicosociales que influyeron en el desenlace cardíaco y los eventuales aprendizajes de la experiencia. El objetivo de este estudio fue conocer la percepción sobre su propia salud de mujeres que participaron de un programa de rehabilitación cardíaca. Método: Se invitó a participar a 35 mujeres de 35 a 75 años con diverso nivel educativo, ingreso familiar y situación laboral. Los datos se recolectaron por medio de entrevistas presenciales semiestructuradas. Resultados: A pesar de haber pasado por un proceso de rehabilitación posterior a un evento CV las mujeres mencionaron en forma mayoritaria al cáncer de mama como la principal eventual causa de muerte. En relación con los factores de riesgo de CV, el más nombrado fue el estrés (57%), aunque solo el 29% de las entrevistadas realizó con posterioridad actividades orientadas a su manejo y control. En cuanto a las motivaciones más frecuentes para realizar cambios de hábitos, destacaron el cuidado de la familia (29%), el vivir más (26%) y el deseo de sentirse mejor (23%). Conclusión: Estos resultados sugieren la necesidad de una educación más integral en la mujer durante la rehabilitación, promoviendo no solo hábitos más saludables desde el punto de vista físico, sino también psicológico. Se sugiere integrar el manejo del estrés en los programas de prevención y rehabilitación CV.
ABSTRACT: Introduction: After suffering a serious cardiovascular event (CV), cardiac rehabilitation is a process in which the patient establishes a close relationship with the medical team, providing an opportunity to learn about psychosocial factors that influence cardiac outcome and eventual learnings from the experience. The objective of this study was to learn about women´s perception of their own health after participating in a cardiac rehabilitation program. Method: 35 women from 35 to 75 years of age with varying educational level, household income and employment status were invited to participate. Data was collected through semi-structured face-to-face interviews. Results: Women mentioned breast cancer as the leading cause of death (60%) despite having gone through a post-CV rehabilitation process. Stress was mentioned as the main CV risk factor (57%). Only 29% of responders subsequently carried out activities aimed at their management and control. The most common motivations for making changes in habits, were family care (29%), living longer (26%) and a desire to feel better (23%). Conclusion: These results suggest the need for a more comprehensive education in women during rehabilitation, promoting not only healthier habits from a physical but also from a psychological points of view. The introduction of stress management into CV prevention and rehabilitation programs is suggested.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Cardiovascular Diseases , Cardiac Rehabilitation , Perception , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Cross-Sectional Studies , Interviews as Topic , Risk Factors , Educational StatusABSTRACT
Background: There is a misconception that the main cause of death among women is breast cancer, even among physicians, who may neglect cardiovascular preventive measures in this gender Aim: To assess the knowledge among physicians about the main cause of death among women. Material and methods: A survey was answered by 231 physicians attending a Cardiology and a Gynecology Meeting. Results: Sixty eight percent of respondents indicated that cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of death among women. A higher proportion of specialists than trainees, answered correctly the question (72 and 56% respectively). No gender differences in the answers were recorded. Conclusions: The knowledge about cardiovascular risk in women should be reinforced among physicians.